Templar Columbus, Columbia, and Columbine

Will the real Columbus please stand up! 

The Halloween-born Christopher Columbus brought genocide to the Americas. It does seem strange that Columbus is a variant of the Latin word Columba meaning dove for peace.

The most famous Columbus is Christopher Columbus (October 31, 1451 – May 20, 1506), the Italian explorer who is incorrectly credited with discovering America. There are whole books written on that subject, like the one by Patrick Huyghe.

The name Christopher Columbus is the Anglicization of the Latin Christophorus Columbus. His name in Italian is Cristoforo Colombo, and in Spanish, it is Cristóbal Colón. He was a Freemason, and perhaps more.

"Columbus’s cryptic signature, 'XpoFERENS Colon' as we decipher it, indicates that he was a member of the super-secretive Templar Military Order of Christ, which had a stronghold in Portugal at the time leading up to his voyage." Source.

"In Portugal, the Knights Templar did not disband, but simply changed their name to Knights of Christ. In 1492, this group is alleged to have provided the navigators for Christopher Columbus' journey, and the Order's cross was featured prominently on the sails of his ships, however there is no actual evidence to support this." Source

The earliest known painting (at top) of Columbus is to be found in The Virgin of the Navigators, 1531–36. Contemporary descriptions describe Columbus as having reddish or blond hair, which turned to white early in his life, light colored eyes, as well as being a lighter-skinned person with too much sun exposure turning his face red. Accounts consistently describe Columbus as a large and physically strong man of some six feet or more in height, easily taller than the average European of his day.

Columba was popular among early Christians because the dove was a symbol of gentleness, purity, and peace.

Other varieties of the word Columbus are written Colombe, Colombo, Columbanus, and Columbano.

The variant form Columbia is familiar to North Americans. Columbia is a historical and poetic name used for the United States of America and is also the name of its female personification. It has inspired the names of many persons, places, objects, institutions, and companies; such as the District of Columbia, the site of the national capital, Columbia River, and Columbia University. Columbia was largely displaced as the female symbol of the U.S. by the Statue of Liberty around 1920.

Columbia is a New Latin toponym, combining a stem Columb- based on the surname of the explorer Christopher Columbus and an ending -ia, common in Latin names of countries (e.g. Britannia "Britain," Gallia "Gaul"). The meaning is therefore "Land of Columbus."

In 1786, just before the United States' Constitutional Convention, South Carolina gave the name "Columbia" to its new capital city. Columbia is also the name of at least nineteen other towns in the United States. Many cities and other locations have been named for Christopher Columbus; see here.

"Pre-Columbian" refers to a time period before the arrival of Christopher Columbus and other European explorers in the Americas.

1893 World's Fair ~ Tesla alternating current presentation.

The World's Columbian Exposition (the official shortened name for the World's Fair: Columbian Exposition, also known as The Chicago World's Fair) was a World's Fair held in Chicago in 1893 to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492. 

The original Ferris Wheel was built for the 1893 World's Fair.

The fair ended with the city in shock, as popular mayor Carter Harrison, Sr. (shown) was assassinated by Patrick Eugene Prendergast two days (October 28, 1893) before the fair's closing. Harrison's career and assassination are closely connected with the World's Columbian Exposition, and are discussed at some length as a subplot to the two main stories (about the fair and serial killer H. H. Holmes) in The Devil in the White City.

The Mad Gasser of Mattoon (Illinois) sightings of September 1944, were characterized by the local newspaper, the Journal-Review, for example, by talking of the encounter of Miss Frances Smith, principal of the Columbian Grade School, and her sister Maxine:

The first infiltration of gas caught them in their beds. Gasping and choking they awoke and soon felt partial paralysis grip their legs and arms. Later, while awake, the other attacks came and they saw a thin blue smoke-like vapor spreading throughout the room. Just before the gas with its flower-like odor came pouring into the room they heard a strange ‘buzzing’ sound outside the house and expressed the belief that the sound was made by the 'madman's spraying apparatus' in operation.

The Command Module of the Apollo 11 spacecraft, the first manned mission to land on the Moon, was called Columbia (1969).

The Space Shuttle Columbia, built 1975-1979, was named for the exploring ship Columbia. It was the first spaceworthy Space Shuttle in NASA's orbital fleet. First launched on the STS-1 mission, the first of the Space Shuttle program, it completed 27 missions before disintegrating during re-entry on February 1, 2003 near the end of its 28th, STS-107. The destruction of the orbiter killed all seven crew members on board.

Which brings us to Columbine, the name of the high school and today associated with the name of the massacre that happened there (Littleton, Colorado) on April 20, 1999. Columbine is any of various perennial herbs of the genus Aquilegia native to north temperate regions, cultivated for their showy, variously colored flowers that have petals with long hollow spurs. Columbine's origins is from Middle English, from Medieval Latin columbna, from feminine of Latin columbnus, dovelike (from the resemblance of the inverted flower to a cluster of doves), from columba, dove.

Other names linked to dove: Aloma, Calum, Culver, Dove, Jemima, Jonah, Jonina, Paloma, Palomo, Rita, Semiramis, Tor, Yonina, and Yonas.

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